Prvi pisani trag o Vranju datira iz 1093. godine.
Vranje je ekonomski, administrativni, zdravstveni, obrazovni i kulturni centar Pčinjskog okruga. Opština Vranje se prostire na površini od 860 kvadratnih kilometara, i spada u red većih u Srbiji. Ima 105 naselja, 32 Mesne zajednice i 21 Mesnu kancelariju.
Prosečna nadmorska visina iznosi 480 metara, a klima je umereno-kontinentalna.
Grad se nalazi u središtu komunikacionih pravaca (koridor E-10), koji predstavljaju saobraćajne arterije izuzetnog međunarodnog značaja. Na tri kilometra od grada prolaze autoput i železnička pruga Budimpešta-Beograd-Skoplje-Atina, koji povezuju Srbiju sa susednom Makedonijom, a tako i srednju Evropu sa Balkanom.
Udaljenost Vranja od glavnih privrednih centara u zemlji i neposrednom okruženju je:
- Beograd - 347km
- Priština - 115km
- Niš - 120km
- Skoplje - 91km
- Solun - 354km.
Granični prelazi sa Makedonijom nalaze se na 35km (Prohor Pčinjski) i 48km (Čukarka), a sa Bugarskom 74km (Strezimirovce) i 115km (Ribarce).
STANOVNIŠTVO
Opština Vranje prema poslednjem popisu ima 87.288 stanovnika.
Od ukupnog broja , 63,86% živi u gradu, 7,02% u Vranjskoj Banji, a 29,15% u seoskim sredinama.
Polna struktura je sledeća: 49,7% je žena, a 50,3% su muškarci.
Broj nezaposlenih je 10.995, a radno angažovanih 27.455.
PRIRODNI RESURSI
Kroz teritoriju opštine protiču reke: Južna Morava, Banjštica, Korbevačka reka, Vrtogoška reka, Veternica, Koćurica, a u samom gradu Vranjska i Sobinska reka. Od planina i planinskih vrhova izdvajaju se: Besna Kobila (Besna Kobila 1.922m i Patarica 1.806m), Zladovska planina (Koćurica 1.568m), Kukavica (Vlajna 1.442m), Grot 1.325m, Oblik 1.310m, Kitka 1.295m, Pljačkovica 1.231m, Krstilovica 1.154m i Pržar 731m. Na osam kilometara od centra grada nalazi se i Aleksandrovačko jezero (veštačko). Po prirodnim resursima se ističe i Poljanički kraj, i predeo u zahvatu planine Motina (Barelić sa okolnim selima), kao i Prvonečki kraj sa akumulacionim jezerom i branom "Prvonek".
Besna Kobila pruža izuzetne pogodnosti za razvoj zimskog, rekreativnog i planinskog turizma.
Vranjska Banja, kao posebna celina, sa zastupljenim raznovrsnim prirodnim resursima i to: zemljišnim, poljoprivrednim, šumskim, vodoprivrednim, mineralnim, kao i turističkim, predstavlja izuzetno značajan potencijal.
INFRASTRUKTURA
Ukupna dužina ulica u Vranju je 187km, od kojih je 116km sa asfaltnim kolovozom, 35km je pošljunčano, a 36km su zemljani putevi. Dužina ulica u Vranjskoj Banji iznosi 66km, od kojih je 30km asfaltirano, 15km pošljunčano, a 21km su zemljani putevi. Ukupna dužina lokalnih puteva iznosi 425km, od čega su asfaltom pokrivena 123km, tucanikom 53km, a zemljom 249km. Kroz Vranje prolazi železnica, sa jednim kolosekom, dužine 20km sa tri železničke stanice (Vranjska Banja, Vranje i Ristovac), kao i autoput Beograd-Skoplje približne dužine.
ZAŠTITA ŽIVOTNE SREDINE
Na teritoriji opštine Vranje nalazi se prva sanitarna, ekološka deponija "Meteris", jedina u Republici Srbiji. Stavljena je u funkciju 2002. godine, i izgrađena po standardima Evropske unije. Korisna površina deponije je 30.670m2, a bruto 62.250m2. Sa predviđenih 220m3 sakupljenog otpada dnevno, predviđen rok trajanja deponije je 15 godina. "Meteris" ispunjava sve propise i regulative vezane za udaljenost od naseljenih mesta. Nalazi se na 5.825m od centra Vranja i 8.335m od Vranjske Banje. Najbliže naselje je udaljeno oko 380m, a reka Morava 1.6km
OBRAZOVANJE I KULTURA
Od kulturnih objekata Vranje ima: dva muzeja, pozorište, koncertni prostor, biblioteku, galerije, Dom kulture. U Vranju postoji petnaest osnovnih škola i sedam srednjih škola (Gimnazija, Ekonomska, Medicinska, Hemijska, Tehnička, Poljoprivredna i Škola za decu ometenu u razvoju). Osnovno obrazovanje pohađa trenutno 9.065 učenika u 460 odeljenja, a srednje 4.366 učenika u 165 odeljenja (redovna nastava). Učenika romske populacije u osnovnim školama ima 905, a u srednjim 11.Počeli su radovi na izgradnji srednje stručne škole u Vranju i osnovne u Aleksandrovcu.
Data on Vranje |
The first written data on Vranje date from 1093.
Vranje is the economic, administrative, healthcare, educational, and cultural center of the Pčinj County . The municipality of Vranje covers the area of 860 square kilometers, and it is among the bigger cities in Serbia . It has 105 settlements, 32 local communities, and 21 municipal branch offices.
Its average height above sea level is 480 meters, and its climate is moderately continental.
The city is situated in the middle of the communication routes (corridor E-10), which are the traffic arteries of outstanding international importance. The highway and the railroad line Budapest-Belgrade-Skopje-Athens are three kilometers away from the city, which connect Serbia with the neighboring Macedonia , as well as the Central Europe with the Balkans.
The distance between Vranje and the main economic centers in the country and the region is as follows:
- Belgrade - 347km
- Priština - 115km
- Niš - 120km
- Skoplje - 91km
- Thessalonica - 354km.
Border crossings with Macedonia are 35km (Prohor Pčinjski) and 48km (Čukarka) away, and with Bulgaria 74km (Strezimirovce) and 115km (Ribarce).
POPULATION
The municipality of Vranje , according to the last census, has 87,288 inhabitants.
Out of the total number, 63.86% of them live in the city, 7.02% in Vranjska Banja-Spa, and 29.15% in rural communities.
The gender structure is as follows: 49.7% are women, and 50.3% are men.
There are 10,995 unemployed people, and 27,455 are employed.
NATURAL RESURCES
The following rivers flow through the territory of the municipality: the Južna-Southern Morava, Banjštica, Korbevačka River , Vrtogoška River , Veternica, and Koćurica and, in the city itself, the Vranjska and Sobinska Rivers . As to the mountains and mountain peaks, the following ones stand out: Besna Kobila (Besna Kobila, 1,922m and Patarica, 1,806m), Zladovska Mt. (Koćurica, 1,568m), Kukavica (Vlajna, 1,442m), Grot, 1,325m, Oblik, 1,310m, Kitka, 1,295m, Pljačkovica, 1,231m, Krstilovica, 1,154m, and Pržar, 731m. Eight kilometers from the center of the city there is also Aleksandrovačko Lake (artificial). Poljanički area, and the area within the range of Motina Mt. (Barelić with the neighboring villages) as well as Prvonečki area with the storage lake and "Prvonek" dam also abound in natural resources.
Besna Kobila Mt. offers outstanding amenities for the development of winter, recreational, and mountain tourisms.
Vranjska Banja-Spa, as a separate entity, with its versatile natural resources, specifically: land, agricultural, forest, water resources, mineral, as well as tourist resources, represents a particularly important potential.
INFRASTRUCTURE
The total length of the streets in Vranje is 187km, out of which 116km have asphalted pavement, 35km are gravel, and 36km are dirt roads. The length of the streets in Vranjska Banja-Spa is 66km, out of which 30km are asphalted, 15km are gravel, and 21km are dirt roads. The total length of local roads is 425km, out of that 123km are asphalted, 53km are gravel, and 249km are dirt roads. The railroad line goes through Vranje, with a single track, 20km long, with three railroad stations (Vranjska Banja-Spa, Vranje, and Ristovac), as well as Belgrade-Skopje highway of approximately the same length.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
In the territory of the municipality of Vranje there is the first sanitary, ecological landfill "Meteris", the only one in the Republic of Serbia . It was commissioned in 2002, and it was constructed according to the standards of the European Union. The usable area of the landfill is 30,670m2, and its gross area is 62,250m2. With the specified 220m3 of collected waste per day, the planned life of the landfill is 15 years. "Meteris" is in compliance with all the regulations and regulatory rules with respect to the distance from inhabited places. It is located 5,825m away from the center of Vranje and 8,335m away from Vranjska Banja-Spa. The closest settlement is around 380m away, and the Morava River - 1.6km.
EDUCATION AND CULTURE
As to the cultural facilities, Vranje has: two museums, a theater, concert space, a library, galleries, a Cultural Center . Vranje has fifteen elementary schools and seven secondary schools (Secondary School, Business Administration, Nursing, Chemical, Technical, Agricultural School , and the School for Children with Developmental Disorders). Elementary schools are currently attended by 9,065 pupils in 460 classes, and the secondary one by 4,366 students in 165 classes (regular classes). There are 905 pupils of the Roma population in the elementary schools, and 11 of them in the secondary schools. The work on construction of a secondary vocational school in Vranje and of an elementary school in Aleksandrovac has been started. |
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